In the vast world of international trade, wood packaging materials, known as WPM by its acronym (Wood Packaging Material), represent an essential factor. Its ability to preserve the integrity of the goods during transport is unquestionable. However, its use can imply specific difficulties.

Companies that opt for the use of wood for packaging must navigate a sea of laws and regulations that are constantly changing and that, in addition, are specific to each country through which the merchandise transits. 

This complex regulatory environment can present a significant challenge for companies, especially those that operate globally.

This article’ll address these challenges and break down the most relevant regulations you should consider. Our goal is to provide you with a clear and comprehensive guide so that you can confidently navigate the world of wood packaging and always stay up to date in this changing and demanding terrain.

The Basics of Wood Packaging Material (WPM)

What is WPM?

WMP, or Wood Packaging Material, is a term used to describe various packaging products made from wood. It may include but is not limited to, boxes, pallets, crates, barrels, and wood blocks.

These products are widely used in numerous industries for freight transportation due to their durability, weight-bearing capacity, and low cost. However, it is essential to note that raw wood can harbor pests and diseases that harm the environment and biodiversity.

Therefore, the wooden packaging materials must be treated and certified according to the International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures No. 15 (ISPM 15), established by the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC).. These standards set the minimum treatments that wood products used for packaging must comply with to prevent the spread of pests.

Navigating WPM standards and compliance

When you decide to export, there are regulations that you must comply with. Legal and economic consequences accompany the violation of national and international standards. In order not to incur a breach, it is favorable for you to know the global trade wood packaging standards:

International standards: ISPM 15

The International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures No. 15 (ISPM 15) establishes the requirements for the treatment and certification of wood packaging materials. Its main objective is to prevent the spread of pests and diseases through international trade.

Therefore, it concentrates not only on the quality of wood packaging but also on ensuring global phytosanitary safety.

Non-compliance with ISPM 15 can result in several detrimental consequences for your company, including, but not limited to:

• Customs interruptions
• Need to repack products
• Increase in production costs
• Loss of packaging and merchandise
• Significant economic sanctions
• Possible closure of the facilities of the exporting company

Complying with the ISPM 15 treatment guidelines is essential to minimize these risks. Ensure that the wood used for packaging has been adequately treated and certified and that all shipments contain the ISPM 15 mark to avoid rejections at customs.

National regulations and guidelines in Mexico:

As with international standards, national regulations in Mexico are also essential.

Wood packaging products are subject to various taxes and duties, including the Value Added Tax (IVA) and the Special Tax on Production and Services (IEPS). 

In addition, the phytosanitary regulations established by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (SADER) and the Official Mexican Standard (NOM-144-SEMARNAT-2017), must be complied with, which show the phytosanitary specifications for wood packaging used in the importation of goods.

Companies can operate efficiently and safely by complying with all these fiscal, customs, and phytosanitary requirements.

US National Regulations and Guidelines:

In the United States, wood packaging regulations are handled by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and its Agricultural Health Inspection Service (APHIS). APHIS implements ISPM 15 in the United States and establishes the requirements for importing and exporting wood packaging. The wood must be treated and marked according to ISPM 15 standards.

In addition, companies must comply with relevant tax and customs regulations, including submitting customs forms and, if applicable, paying duties. Compliance with these regulations ensures efficient trade and reduces the risk of costly disruptions and trade delays.

Keys to compliance with the Wood Packaging (WPM) regulations

• Heat treatment: According to WPM standards, packaging timber must undergo a heat treatment of at least 56°C for 30 minutes. Said treatment must be carried out in duly approved and registered facilities.
• NIMF-15 Certification: To guarantee its adequate treatment, each piece of wood destined for packaging must have the NIMF-15 mark, visible evidence of its compliance with the standards. Said mark must be appreciable on two opposite sides of the packaging material.
• Documentation: It is essential to have detailed documentation that certifies the treatment of the packaging wood according to ISPM-15 standards. This information must be available to the customs authorities during the import or export of goods.
• Inspection: The packing wood may be inspected at the destination to verify its compliance with ISPM-15 standards. Nonconformity may result in rejection of the material, with possible legal action against the sender.

Preventive strategies for regulatory compliance

Choosing Certified Suppliers: To ensure the quality and compliance of your packaging timber, it is advisable  to select suppliers that strictly adhere to ISPM-15 standards and maintain a solid reputation in the industry.

• ● Regular verification: Periodic verifications are essential to confirm the visibility of the ISPM 15 mark on all packaging wood.
• ● Record keeping: Keep all documentation related to the treatment of your packaging lumber within reach, including invoices, treatment certificates, and any other relevant documents.
• ● Staff training: All employees, from purchasing to logistics and warehouse managers, must be fully trained and understand the ISPM-15 standards.
• ● Development of a contingency plan: In the face of possible non-conformities in compliance with the regulations, it is vital to have a contingency plan. It may involve an alternative lumber supplier or a plan to deal with nonconforming lumber quickly.

By following these steps and strictly adhering to ISPM-15 standards, it is possible to prevent the spread of pests and diseases through packaging lumber while ensuring compliance with the regulations in your company’s operations. 

Practical knowledge for companies

When you know the commercial and wooden packaging suitable for export, you know what you are buying. Due to ignorance, many companies buy pallets that need the relevant certifications. To avoid misunderstandings, we consider it essential that you be aware of specific topics:

Selection of wooden packaging materials:

We have discussed the types of wood for packaging and the standards that regulate them. However, it is opportune to know the essential elements of WPM. Likewise, it is necessary that you know the most suitable wood materials for your products::

Food

Wooden pallets are the  best option in the industry. Ideal for storing and transporting food. Its resistance and durability offer greater security when transporting the merchandise.

Electrical industry and telecommunications

Wooden reels are highly resistant to protect electricity and fiber optic cables.

Automotive

Auto parts are incredibly delicate. Pallets, boxes, reels, and bins are used to preserve their safety and correct transport.

Retail

The retail industry is growing exponentially. Many companies use custom boxes, pallets, and containers to guarantee the integrity of their merchandise.

Work only with packaging experts.

Regardless of the industry you are in, wood packaging reduces environmental impact. It is possible because recycled materials are used in its manufacture to reduce the amount of waste. In this way, a quality, sustainable product that does not harm the environment is offered.

The commercial success of your company not only depends on a great product, but it is also necessary to have the ideal ally.

At DMD Custom Crates & Boxes, we have the most demanding quality controls to guarantee the safety of your product. Contact us and find the best wooden packaging alternatives for your company.